Candidate
Joana Patrícia de Sousa Rodrigues

Date, Time and Location 
June 17, 14:00, Sala de Atos FEUP

President of the Jury
António Fernando Vasconcelos Cunha Castro Coelho, PhD, Associate Professor with Habilitation, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto.

 Members
Cláudia Maria Bauzer Medeiros, PhD, Professor, Departamento de Sistemas de Informação, Instituto de Computação, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brasil;
Maria Manuel Lopes de Figueiredo Costa Marques Borges, PhD, Associate Professor with Habilitation, Departamento de Filosofia, Comunicação e Informação, Faculdade de Letras, Universidade de Coimbra;
José Luís Brinquete Borbinha, PhD, Full Professor, Departamento de Informática do Instituto Superior Técnico da Universidade de Lisboa;
Cândida Fernanda Antunes Ribeiro, PhD, Full Professor, Departamento de Ciências da Comunicação e da Informação, Faculdade de Letras, Universidade do Porto;
Maria Cristina de Carvalho Alves Ribeiro, PhD, Associate Professor, Departamento de Engenharia Informática, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto;
Carla Alexandra Teixeira Lopes, PhD, Assistant Professor, Departamento de Engenharia Informática, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto (Supervisor).

Abstract
The evolution of the use and production of images is notorious. Technological development favors the emergence of images. This scenario is also applicable in the field of scientific research, where more and more instruments are used to facilitate image capture. With this context as a motto, and knowing that images have particular characteristics, this work explores the dynamics of images in research according to two scenarios: images as data and images as metadata. From a perspective of images as data, the aim is to understand how they can sufficiently represent the data obtained, favoring description. From the perspective of images as metadata, the aim is to understand how they can be used as a tool capable of faithfully describing a dataset and promoting its adequate contextualization and interpretation. Through exploratory research, several experiments with images as data and as metadata wereconducted, based on the dynamics and principles of Research Data Management (RDM). The work begins with an overview of the literature on the subject, in which the management of research data and its relationship with the use and production of images is explored, namely a study of the evolution of the image in the context of scientific, going through its challenges and opportunities, to the way it is treated by researchers, always with RDM as a guiding line. Subsequently, we move on to a view of the informational behavior of those who use and produce images in the context of research, namely in the search to identify behavior patterns in four studies. The first study starts from the perspective of a specific research project and the remaining three studies take a perspective that includes more stakeholders from different research domains. Thus, the scenarios of images as data and as metadata are explored, through the presentation of experiences that mostly involved researchers. For the case of images as data, four studies are presented, with specific contributions, starting with the proposal of a new metadata model for describing data in image format and their respective controlled vocabularies. The remaining three studies focus on automatic image processing, the publishing and sharing of data, and, finally, the definition of guidelines for using and producing images in the context of research. For the case of images as metadata, we conducted two studies, the first exposing a new perspective on data description, through the use of images as metadata. It is this new perspective that challenges us to take a new approach, which culminates in the second study, which is based on an experience developed with researchers and aims to alert and raise awareness of the use of other types of documents in the scientific process. This work has made it clear that images do not always have a formal, standardized role in research data management. However, researchers are open to including images more formally in the scientific process. Furthermore, it is clear that researchers can identify advantages in the use and production of images. The general trend of exponential growth in the production and use of images (motivated by technological developments and new sharing and dissemination tools) is also seen in the context of research, as the various participants in the studies carried out identified it as such, which points to an imminent need to make the role of images representative in the context of research data collection. The contributions obtained from this work are reflected in the response to the need for including images in the RDM. Starting from a more conceptual approach, a consistent overview was obtained about the habits of those who use and produce images through the analysis carried out in the literature, namely through the systematic review carried out and which includes several analysis variables, up to studies carried out through questionnaires and surveys and which allowed direct contact with researchers, thus allowing us to relate what theory tells us with what practice does. In the context of images as data, the metadata model and controlled vocabularies are a significant contribution, as they explore new possibilities of description, much more focused on the type of data in question (images). Furthermore, studies of sharing platforms, as well as the possibilities of automatic description of images, made it possible to generate a starting point and determine the path to follow. Still, in the context of images, it is important to highlight the guidelines for the use and production of images that appear as a contribution to the scientific community, in the sense that they guide specific image practices and needs. In the context of images as metadata, the great contribution lies, precisely, in the presentation of an innovative approach to data description, where the particular characteristics that images have are highlighted and that position them as allies of researchers in the data description process and present practical examples of how this description through images could occur.

Keywords: Image; Image as Data; Image as Metadata; Information Behavior; Research Data; Management.

Candidate
Juliana Carolina Campos Monteiro

Date, Time and Location 
June 4, 14h30, Room Professor Joaquim Sarmento (G129), DEC, FEUP

President of the Jury
António Fernando Vasconcelos Cunha Castro Coelho, PhD, Associate Professor with Habilitation, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto.

Members
Paulo Nuno Gouveia Vicente, PhD, Associate Professor, Departamento de Ciências da Comunicação, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa;
Daniel da Cruz Brandão, PhD, Assistant Professor, Departamento de Ciências da Comunicação, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Universidade do Minho;
Teresa Margarida Loureiro Cardoso, PhD, Assistant Professor, Departamento de Educação e Ensino à Distância, Universidade Aberta;
Dinis Miguel de Almeida Cayolla Ribeiro, PhD, Assistant Professor, Departamento de Ciências da Arte e do Design, Faculdade de Belas Artes, Universidade do Porto;
Carla Susana Lopes Morais, PhD, Assistant Professor, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto (Supervisor).

Abstract
The expansion of digital tools and participatory media created unprecedented possibilities for the maintenance and sharing of social memory and cultural identity knowledge. These possibilities are expanding in parallel with a context of an increasingly aged society, where elders are privileged keepers of regional cultural knowledge but often don’t have the opportunity to pass it on to future generations, making it prone to shortly disappear. This research approaches digital storytelling during intergenerational exchanges as a stage for a participatory contribution to the maintenance of cultural identity. We sought to determine how intergenerational dynamics can give place to cultural identity narratives, as well as how digital media can support the maintenance of cultural identity. For that purpose, we promoted the project NOOA: Narratives Of Our Age, with the premise of bringing generations together in sharing stories on topics such as Memories, Crafts, Myths, and Traditions, to endorse the continuity of the cultural identity of the Vale do Sousa region, using the potential of digital media in this process. With an action research design and an ethnographic approach, from 2018 to 2021, this project reunited three intergenerational groups, composed of participants aged 16 to 85 years old, in a set of activities designed to foster intergenerational dynamics. We sought to gather qualitative perceptions about the phenomenon of storytelling in the participatory maintenance of cultural identity through intergenerational dynamics. To this end, our research was based on data collected through detailed observations and through the application of semi-structured interviews and group discussions. We developed a five-step intergenerational storytelling framework to encourage the exchange of cultural identity knowledge, including digital registration, dissemination, and discussion in-person and online. This framework was submitted to a cyclical evaluation and its adjustments, in accordance with the action-research method, and it was implemented in three phases: phase one corresponded to a group dynamic component, through brainstorming and story planning; phase two corresponded to the creation of digital stories; phase three corresponded to dissemination, with the publication and sharing of these stories in the project’s digital spaces. These steps were conducted through in-person digital storytelling activities, in which cultural identity knowledge was shared and discussed in intergenerational partnerships, resulting in the participatory creation of 35 digital stories, that were afterwards shared and also discussed on the Project’s digital spaces. The outcomes of the activities, as well the enthusiasm and the reflections that occurred during the process, highlight the investment of participants in the transmission and maintenance of knowledge related to their experiences and knowledge acquired throughout life, in a family and community context. The observations of intergenerational dynamics, as well as the results of the semi-structured interviews, suggested a growing curiosity, involvement and overall understanding and retention of the stories of cultural identity, by both seniors and juniors, as well as a growing curiosity of senior participants regarding the pervasive digital reality presented to them by the juniors. Likewise, we observed the importance of empowering groups with spaces of sharing, both face-to-face and online, to enhance intergenerational exchanges around the knowledge of cultural identity. By promoting opportunities for intergenerational dialogue and empowering groups with face-to-face and online sharing spaces, we contributed with the development and application of a storytelling framework and digital spaces to safeguard, discuss and disseminate some of the specific cultural knowledge of the region of Vale do Sousa in Portugal. We observed the potential of using digital storytelling dynamics to break through barriers of communication between generations and to perpetuate and value cultural identity knowledge, acquired throughout life. This research goes beyond the aim of documenting the envisaged cultural identity knowledge, by combining creativity during the digital storytelling processes with connectivity among the participants on a community level, by sparking the dialogue between generations and enhancing the social impact of cultural identity knowledge and the self-knowledge value that generations are able to share through stories. We examined the opportunities and challenges of digital media as a platform and a catalyst for cultural identity maintenance, situating the problematic of cultural literacy in a contemporary setting. We conducted a thorough assessment of the stakeholders involved in participatory cultural identity maintenance in our present context, adding the observation of their synergies in a real context. This allowed us to examine the diversity of outcomes and the multiplicity of variables that contribute to it, as well as to grasp the impact that this new information flow paradigm may have on how we currently approach cultural identity maintenance.

Keywords: Intergenerational Digital Storytelling, Cultural Identity, Cultural Literacy, Participatory Action-Research.

Candidate:
Luís Henrique Pinto Arandas

Date, Time and Place:
June 03, 14:30, Sala de Atos FEUP

President of The Jury:
António Fernando Vasconcelos Cunha Castro Coelho, PhD, Associate Professor with Habilitation, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto.

Members:
Luísa Maria Lopes Ribas, PhD, Assistant Professor, Departamento de Design de Comunicação, Faculdade de Belas-Artes, Universidade de Lisboa;
David Fernandes Semedo, PhD, Assistant Professor, Departamento de Informática, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa;
André Sier, PhD, Invited Assistant Professor, Departamento de Artes Visuais e Design, Universidade de Évora;
José Miguel Santos Araújo Carvalhais Fonseca, PhD, Full Professor, Faculdade de Belas Artes, Universidade do Porto (Supervisor);
Gilberto Bernardes de Almeida, PhD, Assistant Professor, Departamento de Engenharia Informática, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto.

The thesis was co-supervised by Professor Mick Grierson, Professor in Computing, and research leader at the Institute of Creative Computing at the University of the Arts, London.

Abstract
This project proposes a set of methods, inspired by the human experience of vision and time, for developing video sequences using trained generative models. The methods serve the production of video sequences, with patterns derived from trained models found in literature on metacreation and in the artworld. This project defines possible futures where the now pervasive generative models can be reused in computer simulations that focus on the human experience of video and mental images; models which, because of how they are trained through archives and records representing both the human and the physical world, can capture media themselves and represent specific moments in time.

The research outputs are in film and audiovisual installation, proposing that practice can further benefit from self-reference, using deep generative models as synthesisers of video, sound, and text. The methods produced take advantage of natural language guidance and deep generative models in ways that can be understood as sampling, sequencing, and translation, following computing literature and AI design. Each result can be understood in larger domains such as: 1) short films from text inputs, in the film Irreplaceable Biography; 2) discursive installations from video datasets, in the installation Time as meaning; and 3) short films from video inputs, in the film Man lost in the convergence of time and the collaboration all YIN no YANG. This research extends on the use of generative practice following a construct of language in the human mind, behaviour, and visual experience as inspiration for the experience of video. These projects further define what can be a broader understanding of directionality and representation of the past using systems of memory that learn, are networked and produced following structure found in nature and human experience.

Keywords: Video composition; Deep generative models; Time-travelling; Human visual experience; Predictive representations.